The Water, However, Will Encroach Little By Little
On The Shore, The Island Becoming Lower And Smaller, And The
Space Between The Inner Edge Of The Reef And The Beach
Proportionately Broader.
A section of the reef and island in
this state, after a subsidence of several hundred feet, is given
by the dotted lines.
Coral islets are supposed to have been
formed on the reef; and a ship is anchored in the
lagoon-channel. This channel will be more or less deep,
according to the rate of subsidence, to the amount of sediment
accumulated in it, and to the growth of the delicately branched
corals which can live there. The section in this state resembles
in every respect one drawn through an encircled island: in fact,
it is a real section (on the scale of .517 of an inch to a mile)
through Bolabola in the Pacific. We can now at once see
why encircling barrier-reefs stand so far from the shores
which they front. We can also perceive, that a line drawn
perpendicularly down from the outer edge of the new reef,
to the foundation of solid rock beneath the old fringing-reef,
will exceed by as many feet as there have been feet of
subsidence, that small limit of depth at which the effective
corals can live: - the little architects having built up their
great wall-like mass, as the whole sank down, upon a basis
formed of other corals and their consolidated fragments.
Thus the difficulty on this head, which appeared so great,
disappears.
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