As There Was No Passage Into The Interior Of This
Part Of Gaul, Except Either Through The Rhone Or This
Canal, the
Marseillians, who were now masters of both, enriched themselves
considerably, partly by the traffic they carried on, and
Partly by the
duties they levied on all goods which were sent up the canal and the river.
In the civil war between Pompey and Caesar, they took part with the former,
who, in return, gave them all the territory on the western bank of the
Rhone. Caesar, exasperated at their hostility towards him, and at their
ingratitude (for he, on the conquest of Gaul, had enlarged their
territories, and augmented their revenues), blocked up their port by sea
and land, and soon obliged them to surrender. He stripped their arsenals of
arms, and obliged them to deliver up all their ships, as well as deprived
them of the colonies and towns that were under their dominion.
The Marseillians, in the pursuit of commerce, made several voyages to
distant, and, till then, unknown parts of the world: of these, the voyage
of Pytheas, the extent, direction, and discoveries of which we have already
investigated, was the most remarkable and celebrated. Euthymenes, another
Marseillian navigator, is said to have advanced to the south, beyond the
line; but little credit seems due to the very imperfect accounts which we
possess of his voyage. The Marseillians also planted several colonies on
the coasts of Gaul, Italy, and Spain, viz. Nicaea, Antipolis (Antibes,) Telo
Martius (Toulon,) &c.
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