Eastern Europe - The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques And Discoveries Of The English Nation - Volume 2 - Collected By Richard Hakluyt
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[Sidenote: Comania.]
Ibamus Autem Per Terram Comanorum Qua Tota Est Plana, Et Flumina Quatuor
Habet Magna.
Primuim appellatur [Marginal note:
Veteribus Borysthenes.]
Neper, iuxta quod ex parte Russia ambulabat Correnza et Montij, qui maior
est ille ex altera parte per campestria. Secundum appellatur [Marginal
note: Tanais] Don, super quod ambulat quidam Princeps habens in coniugio
sororem Baty, qui vocatur Tirbor. Tertium dicitur [Marginal note: Rha.]
Volga, quod est magnum valde super quod incecdit Bathy. Quartum nominatur
[Marginal note: Rhymnus.] Iaec, super quod duo millenarij vadunt, vnus ex
parte illuminis vna, et alter ex altera. Hi omnes in hyeme ad mare
descendunt, et in astate super ripam corundem fluminum ad montes ascendunt.
Hoc est mare magnum, de quo brachium saneti Georgij exit, quod in
Constantinopolin vadit. [Sidenote: Pontus Euxinas.] Hac autem flumina sunt
piscibus valde plena, maxime Volga, intrantque mare Gracia, quod dicitur
Magnum mare. [Sidenote: Volga non intrat.] Super Nepre autem multis diebus
iuimus per glaciem. Super littora quoque maris Gracia satis periculose per
glaciem iuimus in pluribus locis multis diebus. Congelantur enim circa
littora vnda ad tres leugas inferius. Prius autem quam ad Bathy
perueniremus, duo ex nostris Tartaris pracesserunt, ad indicandum ei omnia
verba qua apud Corrensam dixeramus.
The same in English.
How they were receiued at the court of Corrensa. Chap. 21.
[Sidenote: The maner of saluting the Tartarian princes.] Being come
therefore vnto his court, hee caused our tent to be placed farre from him,
and sent his agents to demaund of vs with what we would incline vnto him,
that is to say, what giftes we would offer, in doing our obeisance vnto
him. Vnto whome wee answered, that our lord the Pope had not sent any
giftes at all, because he was not certaine that wee should euer bee able to
come at them: for we passed through most dangerous places. Notwithstanding,
to our abilitie, we will honour him with some part of those things which
haue bene, by the goodnes of God and the fauour of the Pope, bestowed vpon
vs for our sustenance. Hauing receiued our gifts, they conducted vs vnto
the Orda or tent of the duke, and we were instructed to bow thrise with our
left knee before the doore of the tente, and in any case to beware, lest
wee set our foote vpon the threshold of the sayd doore. And that after we
were entred, wee should rehearse before the duke and all his nobles, the
same wordes which wee had before sayd, kneeling vpon our knees. Then
presented wee the letters of our lord the Pope: but our interpreter whome
we had hired and brought with vs from Kiow was not sufficiently able to
interpret them, neither was there any other esteemed to bee meete for the
same purpose. Here certaine poste horses and three Tartars were appoynted
for vs to conduct vs from hence with al speede vnto duke Bathy. [Sidenote:
Duke Bathy and his power] This Bathy is the mightiest prince among them
except the Emperour, and they are bound to obey him before all other
princes. We began our iourney towards his court the first tuesday in Lent,
and riding as fast as our horses could trot (for we had fresh horses almost
thrise or foure times a day) we posted from morning till night, yea very
often in the night season also, and yet could we not come at him before
Maundie thursday. All this iourney we went through the land of Comania,
which is al plaine ground, and hath foure mighty riuers running through it:
[Marginal note: Boristhenes] Neper, on the side whereof towards Russia,
duke Corrensa and Montij marched vp and downe, which Montij on the other
side vpon the plaines is greater then he. The second is called [Marginal
note: Tanais.] Don, vpon the banke whereof marcheth a certain prince hauing
in marriage the sister of Bathy, his name is Tirbon. The third is called
[Marginal note: Rha.] Volga, which is an exceeding great riuer, vpon the
bankes whereof duke Bathy marcheth. The fourth is called [Marginal note:
Rhymnus.] Iaec, vpon which two Millenaries doe march, on each side of the
riuer one. All these, in the winter time, descend down to the sea, and in
summer ascend backe by the bankes of the said riuers vp to the mountains.
The sea last named is the [Marginal note: Pontes Euxima. He is deceiued,
for albeit Neper and Don run into Mare Maior: yet Volga and Iaec flowe into
the Caspian Sea.] Great Sea, out of which the arme of S. George proceedeth,
which runneth by Constantinople. These riuers do abound with plenty of
fishes, but especially Volga, and they exonerate themselues into the
Grecian sea, which is called Mare maior. Ouer Neper we went many daies vpon
the ice. Along the shore also of the Grecian sea we went very dangerously
vpon the ice in sundry places, and that for many daies together. For about
the shore the waters are frozen three leagues into the sea. But before we
came into Bathy, two of our Tartars rode afore, to giue him intelligence of
all the sayings which we had vttered in the presence of Corrensa.
Qualiter recepti sunt apud Bathy magnum Principem. Cap. 22.
Porro cum in finibus terra Comanorum ad Bathy perueniremus, bene positi
fuimus per vnam leucam a stationibus eius. [Sidenote: Ceremonia per duos
ignes transeundi.] Cumque duci debuimus ad curiam ipsius, dictum fuit
nobis, quod inter duos ignes transire deberemus. Nos autem hoc nulla
ratione facere volebamus. At illi dixerunt nobis: Ite secure quia pro nulla
causa volumus hoc facere, nisi tantum, vt si vos aliquid malum cogitatis
Domino nostro, vel portatis venenum, ignis auferat omne malum Quibus
respondemus: quod propter hoc, ne de tali re suspectos redderemus nos,
transiremus. [Sidenote: Eldegay.] Cum igitur ad Ordam peruenissemus,
interrogati a procuratore ipsius Eldegay, cum quo inclinare vellemus? idem
quod prius apud Corrensam respondimus, datisque muneribus et acceptis,
auditis etiam itineris causis, introduxerunt nos in stationem Principis,
prius facta inclinatione, et audita de limine non calcando, sicut prius,
admonitione.
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