Eastern Europe - The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques And Discoveries Of The English Nation - Volume 2 - Collected By Richard Hakluyt
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[Sidenote: The North Ocean.] but on the North side it is
inuironed with the Ocean Sea. In some part thereof it is full of
mountaines, and in other places plaine and smoothe grounde, but euerie
where sandie and barren, neither is the hundreth part thereof
fruitefull. For it cannot beare fruite vnlesse it be moistened with
riuer waters, which bee verie rare in that countrey. Whereupon they
haue neither villages, nor cities among them, except one which is
called Cracurim, and is said to be a proper towne. [Sidenote: Syra
Orda.] We our selues sawe not this towne, but were almost within halfe
a dayes iourney thereof, when we remained at Syra Orda, which is the
great court of their Emperour. And albeit the foresaid lande is
otherwise vnfruitfull, yet it is very commodious for the bringing vp
of cattell. In certaine places thereof are some small store of trees
growing, but otherwise it is altogether destitute of woods. Therefore
the Emperour, and his noble men and all other warme themselues, and
dresse their meate with fires made of the doung of oxen, and horses.
[Sidenote: The intemperature of the aire.] The ayre also in that
countrey is verie intemperate. For in the midst of Sommer there be
great thunders and lightnings, by the which many men are slaine, and
at the same time there falleth great abundance of snowe. There bee
also such mightie tempestes of colde windes, that sometimes men are
not able to sitte on horsebacke. [Sidenote: What Orda signifieth.]
Whereupon, being neere vnto the Orda (for by this name they call the
habitations of their Emperours and noble men) in regarde of the great
winde we were constrained to lye groueling on the earth, and could not
see by reason of the dust. There is neuer any raine in Winter, but
onely in Sommer, albeit in so little quantitie, that sometimes it
scarcely sufficeth to allay the dust, or to moysten the rootes of the
grasse. There is often times great store of haile also. Insomuch that
when the Emperour elect was to be placed in his Emperiall throne (my
selfe being then present) there fell such abundance of haile, that,
vpon the sudden melting thereof, more than 160 persons were drowned in
the same place: there were manie tentes and other thinges also carried
away. Likewise, in the Sommer season there is on the sudden extreame
heate, and suddenly againe intolerable colde.
De forma et habitu et victu eorum. Cap. 4.
[Sidenote: Tartarorum species.] Mongalorum autem siue Tartarorum forma ab
omnibus alijs hominibus est remota. Inter oculos enim, et inter genas, lati
sunt plus cateris, gena quoque satis prominent a maxillis. Nasum habent
planum et modicum, oculos etiam paruos, et palpebras vsque ad supercilia
eleuatas, ac super verticem in modum Clericorum coronas. [Sidenote:
Tonsura.] Ex vtraque parte frontis tondendo, plusquam in medio crines
longos faciunt, reliquos autem sicut mulieres crescere permittunt.
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