The Name Paraiyar, Which Means 'Drummers,' Does Not Appear To Be Ancient."[6] (Note By The Rev.

Dr. Caldwell.)

In the history of Sind called Chach Namah, the Hindus revile the Mahomedan invaders as Chandals and cow-eaters. (Elliot, I. 172, 193). The low castes are often styled from their unrestricted diet, e.g. Halal-Khor (P. "to whom all food is lawful"), Sab-khawa (H. "omnivorous").

Babu Rajendralal Mitra has published a learned article on Beef in ancient India, showing that the ancient Brahmans were far from entertaining the modern horror of cow-killing. We may cite two of his numerous illustrations. Goghna, "a guest," signifies literally "a cow-killer," i.e. he for whom a cow is killed. And one of the sacrifices prescribed in the Sutras bears the name of Sula-gava "spit-cow," i.e. roast-beef. (J.A.S.B. XLI. Pt. I. p. 174 seqq.)

NOTE 11. - The word in the G.T. is losci dou buef, which Pauthier's text has converted into suif de buef - in reference to Hindus, a preposterous statement. Yet the very old Latin of the Soc. Geog. also has pinguedinem, and in a parallel passage about the Jogis (infra, ch. xx.), Ramusio's text describes them as daubing themselves with powder of ox-bones (l'ossa). Apparently l'osci was not understood (It. uscito).

NOTE 12. - Later travellers describe the descendants of St. Thomas's murderers as marked by having one leg of immense size, i.e. by elephantiasis. The disease was therefore called by the Portuguese Pejo de Santo Toma.

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