I., P. 236, M. Cordier [Read Mr. Rockhill], Who Seems
To Have Been Misled By D'Avezac, Confuses The Ch'ih-Leh
Or T'ieh-leh (who
have been clearly proved to be identical with the Toeloes of the Turkish
inscriptions) with the
Much later K'eh-lieh or Keraits of Mongol history;
at no period of Chinese history were the Ch'ih-leh called, as he supposes,
K'i-le and therefore the Ch'ih-leh of the third century cannot possibly
be identified with the K'e-lieh of the thirteenth. Besides, the 'value' of
leh is 'luck,' whilst the 'value' of lieh is 'leet,' if we use English
sounds as equivalents to illustrate Chinese etymology. It is remarkable
that the Kin (Nuechen) Dynasty in its Annals leaves no mention whatever of
the Kerait tribe, or of any tribe having an approximate name, although the
Yuean Shi states that the Princes of that tribe used to hold a Nuechen
patent. A solution of this unexplained fact may yet turn up." (E.H.
PARKER, Asiatic Quart. Rev., Jan. 1904, p. 139.)
Page 236, note [dagger] Instead of Tura, read Tula. (PELLIOT.)
LI., pp. 245, 248.
DEATH OF CHINGIZ KHAN.
"Gaubil's statement that he was wounded in 1212 by a stray arrow, which
compelled him to raise the siege of Ta-t'ung Fu, is exactly borne out by
the Yuean Shi, which adds that in the seventh moon (August) of 1227
(shortly after the surrender of the Tangut King) the conqueror died at the
travelling-palace of Ha-la T'u on the Sa-li stream at the age of
sixty-six (sixty-five by our reckoning). As less than a month before he was
present at Ts'ing-shui (lat. 34-1/2 deg., long. 106-1/2 deg.), and was even
on his dying bed, giving instructions how to meet the Nuechen army at
T'ung-kwan (lat. 34-1/2 deg., long. 110-1/4 deg.), we may assume that the
place of his death was on the Upper Wei River near the frontiers joining
the modern Kan Suh and Shen Si provinces. It is true the Sa-li River
(not stream) is thrice mentioned, and also the Sa-le-chu River, both in
Mongolia; on the other hand, the Sa-li Ouigours are frequently mentioned
as living in West Kan Suh; so that we may take it the word Sali or Sari
was a not uncommon Turkish word. Palladius' identification, of K'i-lien
with 'Kerulen' I am afraid cannot be entertained. The former word
frequently occurs in the second century B.C., and is stated to be a second
Hiung-nu (Turkish) word for 'sky' or 'heaven.' At or about that date the
Kerulen was known to the Chinese as the Lu-kue River, and the geographies
of the present dynasty clearly identify it as such. The T'ien-Shan are
sometimes called the K'i-lien Shan, and the word K'i-lien is otherwise
well established along the line of the Great Wall." (E.H. PARKER, Asiatic
Quart. Rev., Jan., 1904, pp. 136-7.)
Prof. Pelliot informs me that in No. 3 (Sept., 1918) of Vol. III of
Chinese Social and Political Science Review these is an article on the
Discovery of and Investigation concerning the Tomb of Gengis Khan. I
have not seen it.
LI., p. 249.
TAILGAN.
"The tailgan, or autumn meeting of the Mongols, is probably the
tai-lin, or autumn meeting, of the ancient Hiung-nu described on p. 10,
Vol. XX. of the China Review. The Kao-ch'e (= High Carts, Toeloes, or
early Ouigours) and the early Cathayans (Sien-pi) had very similar customs.
Heikel gives an account of analogous 'Olympic games' witnessed at Urga in
the year 1890." (E.H. PARKER, Asiatic Quart. Rev., Jan., 1904, pp.
140-1.)
LI., p. 251. Read T'ung hwo period (A.D. 992) instead of (A.D. 692).
LII., pp. 252, 254, n. 3. "[The Tartars] live on the milk and meat which
their herds supply, and on the produce of the chase; and they eat all
kinds of flesh, including that of horses and dogs, and Pharaoh's rats, of
which last there are great numbers in burrows on those plains."
Pharaoh's rat was the mangouste or ichneumon (Herpestes ichneumon)
formerly found in this part of Asia as well as in Egypt where it was
venerated. Cf. Cathay, II., p. 116.
LII., p. 254. Instead of "his tent invariably facing south," read
"facing east" according to the Chou Shu. (PELLIOT.)
LII., p. 256 n.
MARRIAGE.
The China Review, Vol. XX. "gives numerous instances of marrying
mothers-in-law and sisters-in-law amongst the Hiung nu. The practice was
common with all Tartars, as, indeed, is stated by Yule." (E.H. PARKER,
Asiatic Quart. Rev., Jan., 1904, p. 141.)
LII., p. 257 n.
TENGRI (HEAVEN).
"The Mongol word Tengri (= Heaven) appears also in Hiung-nu times; in
fact, the word shen yue is stated to have been used by the Hiung-nu
alternatively with Tengri kudu (Son of Heaven)." (E.H. PARKER, Asiatic
Quart. Rev., Jan., 1904, p. 141.)
LIV., p. 263 n.
COATS OF MAIL.
Parker's note is erroneous. - See Laufer, Chinese Clay Figures, Part I.
LV., p. 267. "They [the Tartars] have another notable custom, which is
this. If any man have a daughter who dies before marriage, and another man
have had a son also die before marriage, the parents of the two arrange a
grand wedding between the dead lad and lass. And marry them they do,
making a regular contract! And when the contract papers are made out they
put them in the fire, in order (as they will have it) that the parties in
the other world may know the fact, and so look on each other as man and
wife. And the parents thenceforward consider themselves sib to each other,
just as if their children had lived and married. Whatever may be agreed on
between the parties as dowry, those who have to pay it cause to be painted
on pieces of paper and then put these in the fire, saying that in that way
the dead person will get all the real articles in the other world."
Mr. KUMAGUSU MINAKATA writes on the subject in Nature, Jan.
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