(See Also Francolin.). Parwana, A Traitor Eaten By The Tartars. Paryan Silver Mines. Pascal Of Vittoria, Friar. Pasei, Pacem (Basma)

, A kingdom of Sumatra. - - Bay of. - - History of. Pasha-Afroz. Pasha and Pashagar tribes. Pashai, what region intended. - - Dir. Passo

(Or Pace), Venetian. Patarins, heretics. Patera, debased Greek, from Badakhshan. Patlam. Patra, or Alms-dish of Buddha, miraculous properties; Holy Grail of Buddhism. Patriarchs of Eastern Christians. (See also Catholicos and Nestorian.). Patteik-Kara. Patterns, beast and bird, on silk, etc. Patu, see Batu. Paukin (Pao-ying). Pauthier, G., remarks on text of Polo. Paved roads in China. - - streets of Kinsay. Payan, see Bayan. Payangadi. Pa-yi writing, specimen of. Peaches, yellow and white (apricots). Peacocks at St. Thomas's, special kind in Coilum. Pearls, in Caindu; rose-coloured in Chipangu; fishery of; pearls and precious stones of kingdom of Maabar. Pears, enormous. Pedir. Pedro, Prince of Portugal. Pegu and Bengal confounded. Pei-chau (Piju). Pein (Pim), province, site of. Peking, white pagoda at. (See Cambaluc.). Pelly, Col. Sir Lewis, British Resident at Bushire. Pema-ching. Pemberton, Captain R. Pentam (Bintang). Pepper, daily consumption of, at Kinsay, change in Chinese use of; great importation at Zayton, duty on; white and black; in Coilum; Eli and Cananore; Melibar; Guzerat; trade in, to Alexandria. Pepper Country. Peregrine falcons. Perla (Ferlec). Persia, extent of name to Bokhara, spoken of; three Magi of; its eight kingdoms. Persia and India, boundary of. Persian applied to language of foreigners at Mongol Court. Persian Gulf (Sea of India?). Peshawar. Peter, Tartar slave of Marco Polo's. Pharaoh's rats (Gerboa). Phayre, Major-General Sir Arthur. Pheasants, large and long tailed, Reeves's. Pheng (the Rukh). Philip the Fair. Philip III. and IV. of France. Philippine Islands. Phillips, G. Phipps, Captain. Phra Rama, Siamese kings so-called. Phungan, Phungan-lu (Fungul?). Physician, a virtuous. Physicians. Pianfu (P'ing-yang fu). Piccoli. Pichalok. Pievtsov, General, expedition. Pigeon posts. Pig-shells. Piju (Pei-chau). Pilgrimage, to Adam's Sepulchre in Ceylon, to Shrine of St. Thomas. "Pillar Road". Pima (Pim). Pinati, king of Kaulam. Pine woods in Mongolian desert. - - in South China. P'ing-chang, Fanchan, or second class Minister. P'ing-yang fu (Pianfu). Pinna-Cael (Punnei-Kayal). Pipino, Friar Francesco. Pirabandi or Bir Pandi (Vira Pandi). Pirada. Pirates of Malabar, Guzerat; Tana; Somnath; Socotra. Piratical customs at Eli. Pistachioes. Plane, Oriental or Chinar. Plano Carpini. Pog, or Fiag River. Poison, antidote to. Poisoning guests, custom of. Poisonous pasturage. Poison wind. Poland, Mongol invasion of. Pole, or Jackdaw on Polo's scutcheon. Pole-star, invisible in Java the Less, visible again in India. Police, of Cambaluc; Kinsay. Politeness of Chinese. Polo, Andrea, grandfather of Marco. - - Antonio, illegitimate son of Elder Marco. - - Bellela, second daughter, died before 1333. - - Donata, wife of Traveller, sale of property to her husband; death between 1333-1336; before Council; may have been Loredano. - - or Bragadino, Fantina, eldest daughter of Traveller. - - Felice, a cousin. - - Fiordelisa, wife of last. Polo, Fiordelisa, daughter of Maffeo the Younger. - - Maffeo, brother of Nicolo, in Kan-chau; time of death between 1309 and 1318. - - Maffeo, brother of Traveller, probabilities as to birth; will of; abstract from. - - Marco, the elder son of Andrea, Uncle of the Traveller, his will. - - Marco, the Traveller, veracity; perplexities in his biography; Ramusio's notices, extracts from; recognition of his names of places, paralleled with Columbus; nicknamed Millioni; story of his capture at Curzola; writes his book in prison at Genoa; release and marriage; arms; claim to nobility; supposed autograph; his birth, circumstances of; is taken to East; employed by Kublai, mentioned in Chinese Records; mission to Yun-nan; governor of Yang-chau; employed at Kan-chau, Kara Korum, Champa and Indian Seas; returns home; mentioned in his Uncle Marco's will; commands a galley at Curzola; taken prisoner and carried to Genoa; his imprisonment there; dictates his book to Rusticiano; release and return to Venice; evidence as to story of capture; dying vindication of his book; executor to his brother Maffeo; record of exemption from municipal penalty; gives copy of book to T. de Cepoy; marriage and daughters; lawsuit with Paulo Girardo, proceeding regarding house property; illness and last will; probable date of death; place of burial; professed portraits of; alleged wealth; estimate of him and of his book; true claims to glory; faint indications of personality; rare indications of humour; absence of scientific notions; geographical data in book; his acquisition of languages, ignorance of Chinese, deficiencies in Chinese notices; historical notices; allusions to Alexander; incredulity about his stories; contemporary recognition; by T. de Cepoy, Friar Pipino; J. d'Acqui, Giov. Villani, and P. d'Abano; notice by John of Ypres; borrowings in poem of Bauduin de Sebourc; Chaucer and; influence on geography, obstacles to its effect; character of mediaeval cosmography; Roger Bacon as geographer; Arab maps; Marino Sanudo's map; Medicean; Carta Catalana largely based on Polo's book; increased appreciation of Polo's book; confusions of nomenclature; introduction of block-printing into Europe and Polo; dictates his narrative; found at Venice; his age; noticed and employed by Kublai; grows in favour, many missions; returns from one to India; escapes from the Karaunas; hears of breed of Bucephalus; recovers from illness in hill climate; hears from Zulficar about Salamander; at Kan-chau; brings home hair of yak; and head and feet of musk deer; witnesses events connected with Ahmad's death; noticed in Chinese annals; whether he had to do with Persian scheme of paper currency in; sent by Khan into Western provinces; governor of Yang-chau; probable extent of his authority; aids in constructing engines for siege of Siang-yang; difficulties as to this statement; on number of vessels on Great Kiang; ignorant of Chinese; on greatness of Kinsay; his notes; sent to inspect amount of revenue from Kinsay; his great experience; never in islands of Sea of Chin; in kingdom of Chamba; historical anecdotes; detained five months in Sumatra, stockade party against wild people; brings Brazil seed to Venice; partakes of tree-flour (sago); takes some to Venice; in six kingdoms of Sumatra; witnesses arrest for debt in Maabar; his erroneous view of Arabian coast; Indian geography; his unequalled travels; Venetian documents about him. - - Marco, called Marcolino, son of Nicolo the Younger. - - Marco, last male survivor. - - Marco, others of this name. - - Maroca, sister of Nicolo the Younger. - - or Delfino, Moreta, youngest daughter. Polo, Nicolo and Maffeo, sons of Andrea, their first journey; cross Black Sea to Soldaia; visit Volga country, etc.; go to Bokhara; join envoys to Khan's Court; Kublai's reception of; sent back as envoys to Pope; receive a Golden Tablet; reach Ayas; Acre; Venice; find young Marco there - - Nicolo, Maffeo and Marco, proceed to Acre; set out for East, recalled from Ayas; set out again with Pope's letters, etc.; reach Kublai's Court; are welcomed; see on their journey outward; their alleged service in capture of Siang-yang; Khan refuses them permission to return home; allowed to go with ambassadors; receive Golden Tablets; on return; story of their arrival at Venice; scheme to assert their identity. - - Nicolo, his alleged second marriage and sons; probable truth as to time of; his illegitimate sons; approximate time of his death; his tomb. - - Nicolo the Younger, cousin of traveller. - - Stefano and Giovannino, illegitimate brothers of Traveller. - - (?), or Trevisano (?), Fiordelisa, perhaps second wife of Nicolo Polo the Elder, and mother of Maffeo the Younger. - - or Trevisano, Maria, last survivor of the family, doubts as to her kindred. - - Family, its duration and end, according to Ramusio, origin; last notices of. (For relationship of different Polos, see table). - - Family, branch of S. Geremia. Po-lut (Pa-lut), incense. Polygamy, supposed effect on population. Pomilo (Pamir). Pompholyx. Ponent, or West, term applied by Polo to Kipchak, the Mongol Khanate of the Volga, see Kipchak. Pong (Mediaeval Shan State). Poods, Russian. Popinjays. Population, vast, of Cathay. Porcelain manufacture, fragments found at Kayal; Chinese. - - shells, see Cowries. Porcupines. Pork, mention of, omitted. Postin, sheep-skin coat. Posts, post-houses and runners, in Siberia. Po-sz' (Persia). Potala at L'hasa. Pottinger. Poultry, kind of, in Coilum, in Abyssinia (guinea-fowl?). Pound, sterling. Pourpre, or Purpura. P'o-yang Lake. Pozdneiev, Professor. Precious stones or gems, how discovered by pirates. Prester John (Unc Can, Aung or Ung Khan), Tartar tribute to; account of; marriage relations with Chinghiz; insults Chinghiz' envoys; "these be no soldiers"; marches to meet Chinghiz; real site of battle with Chinghiz; his real fate; slain in battle; his lineage in Tenduc; and the Golden King. Prices of horses, see Horses. Printing, imaginary connection of Polo's name with introduction of. Private names supposed. Prjevalsky, Colonel N.M. Probation of Jogis, parallel. Prophecy regarding Bayan. Proques, the word. Prostitutes; at Cambaluc, Kinsay. Provinces, thirty-four of Kublai's Empire. Pseudo-Callisthenes. Ptolemies' trained African elephants. Ptolemy, Sarmatic Gates. P'u-chau fu. Pu-ch'eng. Puer and Esmok. Pukan Mien-Wang. Pulad Chingsang. Pulisanghin, River and Bridge. Pulo Bras. Pulo Condore (Sondur and Condur). Pulo Gommes (Gauenispola). Pulo Nankai, or Nasi. Pulo We, Wai, or Wey. Punnei-Kayal. Puranas, the. Purpura, see Pourpre. Putchok. Putu-ho, "Grape R.". Pygmies, factitious (?).

Qal'ah Asgher, hot springs at. Qara Ars-lan Beg, king of Kerman. Quails in India. Queen of Mutfili. Quicksilver and sulphur potion. - - as regarded by alchemists. Quills of the Ruc, see Ruc. Quilon, Kaulam, etc., see Coilum. Qumadin (Camadi)

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