Blue
Book], 1869, pp. 4-5, 14; Mr. Elias in J.R.G.S. XL. p. 1 seqq.)
[Since the exploration of the Hwang-Ho in 1868 by Mr. Ney Elias and by Mr.
H.G. Hollingworth, an inspection of this river was made in 1889 and a
report published in 1891 by the Dutch Engineers J.G.W. Fijnje van
Salverda, Captain P.G. van Schermbeek and A. Visser, for the improvement
of the Yellow River. - H.C.]
NOTE 3. - Coiganju will be noticed below. Caiju does not seem to be
traceable, having probably been carried away by the changes in the river.
But it would seem to have been at the mouth of the canal on the north side
of the Hwang-Ho, and the name is the same as that given below (ch. lxxii.)
to the town (Kwachau) occupying the corresponding position on the Kiang.
"Khatai," says Rashiduddin, "is bounded on one side by the country of
Machin, which the Chinese call MANZI.... In the Indian language Southern
China is called Maha-chin, i.e. 'Great China,' and hence we derive the
word Machin. The Mongols call the same country Nangiass. It is
separated from Khatai by the river called KARAMORAN, which comes from the
mountains of Tibet and Kashmir, and which is never fordable. The capital
of this kingdom is the city of Khingsai, which is forty days' journey
from Khanbalik." (Quat.
