I Have No
Doubt That The Name All Through Should Be Read Carajan, And On This I
Have Acted.
In the Geog.
Text we find the name given at the end of ch.
xlvii. Caragian, in ch. xlviii. as Carajan, in ch. xlix. as Caraian,
thus just reversing the distinction made by Marsden. The Crusca has
Charagia(n) all through.
The name then was Kara-jang, in which the first element was the Mongol
or Turki Kara, "Black." For we find in another passage of Rashid the
following information:[3] - "To the south-west of Cathay is the country
called by the Chinese Dailiu or 'Great Realm,' and by the Mongols
Karajang, in the language of India and Kashmir Kandar, and by us
Kandahar. This country, which is of vast extent, is bounded on one side
by Tibet and Tangut, and on others by Mongolia, Cathay, and the country of
the Gold-Teeth. The King of Karajang uses the title of Mahara, i.e.
Great King. The capital is called Yachi, and there the Council of
Administration is established. Among the inhabitants of this country some
are black, and others are white; these latter are called by the Mongols
Chaghan-Jang ('White Jang')." Jang has not been explained; but
probably it may have been a Tibetan term adopted by the Mongols, and the
colours may have applied to their clothing. The dominant race at the
Mongol invasion seems to have been Shans;[4] and black jackets are the
characteristic dress of the Shans whom one sees in Burma in modern times.
The Kara-jang and Chaghan-jang appear to correspond also to the U-man
and Pe-man, or Black Barbarians and White Barbarians, who are mentioned
by Chinese authorities as conquered by the Mongols.
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