DOGANA.
"The country of Dogana is quite certain to be the Chinese T'u-ho-lo or
Tokhara; for the position suits, and, moreover, nearly all the other
places named by Marco Polo along with Dogana occur in Chinese History
along with Tokhara many centuries before Polo's arrival. Tokhara being the
most important, it is inconceivable that Marco Polo would omit it. Thus,
Poh-lo (Balkh), capital of the Eptals; Ta-la-kien (Talecan), mentioned by
Hiuan Tsang; Ho-sim or Ho-ts'z-mi (Casem), mentioned in the T'ang
History; Shik-nih or Shi-k'i-ni (Syghinan) of the T'ang History;
Woh-k'an (Vochan), of the same work; several forms of Bolor, etc. (see also
my remarks on the Pamir region in the Contemporary Review for Dec.,
1897)." (E.H. PARKER, Asiatic Quart. Rev., Jan., 1904, p. 142.)
XIX., p. 160.
BADAKHSHAN.
"The Chinese name for 'Badakhshan' never appears before the Pa-ta-shan of
Kublai's time." (E.H. PARKER, Asiatic Quart. Rev., Jan., 1904, p. 143.)
XXX., pp. 164-166. "You must know that ten days' journey to the south of
Badashan there is a province called PASHAI, the people of which have a
peculiar language, and are Idolaters, of a brown complexion. They are
great adepts in sorceries and the diabolic arts. The men wear earrings and
brooches of gold and silver set with stones and pearls. They are a
pestilent people and a crafty; and they live upon flesh and rice. Their
country is very hot."
Sir A. STEIN writes (Ancient Khotan, I., pp.
