[Sining Belonged To The Country Called Hwang Chung; In 1198, Under The
Sung Dynasty, It Was Subjugated By The Chinese, And Was Named Si-Ning
Chau; At The Beginning Of The Ming Dynasty (From 1368), It Was Named
Si-Ning Wei, And Since 1726 Si-Ning Fu.
(Cf.
Gueluy, Chine, p. 62.) From
Liangchau, M. Bonin went to Sining through the Lao kou kau pass and the
Ta-Tung ho. Obrutchev and Grum Grijmailo took the usual route from Kanchau
to Sining. After the murder of Dutreuil de Rhins at Tung bu mdo, his
companion, Grenard, arrived at Sining, and left it on the 29th July, 1894.
Dr. Sven Hedin gives in his book his own drawing of a gate of Sining-fu,
where he arrived on the 25th November, 1896. - H. C.]
Sining is called by the Tibetans Ziling or Jiling, by the Mongols
Seling Khoto. A shawl wool texture, apparently made in this quarter, is
imported into Kashmir and Ladak, under the name of S'ling. I have
supposed Sining to be also the Zilm of which Mr. Shaw heard at Yarkand,
and am answerable for a note to that effect on p. 38 of his High
Tartary. But Mr. Shaw, on his return to Europe, gave some rather strong
reasons against this. (See Proc. R. G. S. XVI. 245; Kircher, pp. 64,
66; Della Penna, 27; Davies's Report, App. p. ccxxix.; Vigne, II.
110, 129.) [At present Sining is called by the Tibetans Seling K'ar or
Kuar, and by the Mongols, Seling K'utun, K'ar and K'utun meaning
"fortified city." (Rockhill, Land of the Lamas, 49, note.) - H. C.]
[Mr. Rockhill (Diary of a Journey, 65) writes:
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