A Record Of Buddhistic Kingdoms - Being An Account By The Chinese Monk Fa-hien Of His Travels In India And Ceylon (a.d. 399-414) By James Legge
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But It Is Only
Prajna Which Carries Men Across The Samsara To The Shores Of Nirvana."
Eitel, P. 90.
[22] According to Eitel (pp.
71, 72), "A famous Bodhisattva, now
specially worshipped in Shan-se, whose antecedents are a hopeless
jumble of history and fable. Fa-hien found him here worshipped by
followers of the mahayana school; but Hsuan-chwang connects his
worship with the yogachara or tantra-magic school. The mahayana school
regard him as the apotheosis of perfect wisdom. His most common titles
are Mahamati, "Great wisdom," and Kumara-raja, "King of teaching, with
a thousand arms and a hundred alms-bowls."
[23] Kwan-she-yin and the dogmas about him or her are as great a
mystery as Manjusri. The Chinese name is a mistranslation of the
Sanskrit name Avalokitesvra, "On-looking Sovereign," or even "On-
looking Self-Existent," and means "Regarding or Looking on the sounds
of the world,"="Hearer of Prayer." Originally, and still in Thibet,
Avalokitesvara had only male attributes, but in China and Japan
(Kwannon), this deity (such popularly she is) is represented as a
woman, "Kwan-yin, the greatly gentle, with a thousand arms and a
thousand eyes;" and has her principal seat in the island of P'oo-t'oo,
on the China coast, which is a regular place of pilgrimage. To the
worshippers of whom Fa-hien speaks, Kwan-she-yin would only be
Avalokitesvara. How he was converted into the "goddess of mercy," and
her worship took the place which it now has in China, is a difficult
inquiry, which would take much time and space, and not be brought
after all, so far as I see, to a satisfactory conclusion.
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