Al-Wajibat (Requisites); The Omission Of Which May, According To Some Schools,[FN#6] Be Compensated For By The Fidyat, Or Atoning Sacrifice: And— “3.

Al-Sunan (pl.

Of Sunnat), the practice of the Prophet, which may be departed from without positive sin.

“Now, the Arkan, the ‘pillars’ upon which the rite stands, are six in number,[FN#7] viz.:—

“1. Al-Ihram (‘rendering unlawful’), or the wearing pilgrim garb and avoiding certain actions. “2. Al-Wukuf, the ‘standing’ upon Mount Arafat. “3. The Tawaf al-Ifazah, or circumambulation of impetuosity.[FN#8]

[p.283] “4. The Sai, or course between Mounts Safa and Marwah. “5. Al-Halk; tonsure (of the whole or part) of the head for men; or taksir, cutting the hair (for men or women).[FN#9] “6. Al-Tartib, or the due order of the ceremonies, as above enumerated. “But Al-Sai (4), may either precede or follow Al-Wukuf (2), provided that the Tawaf al-Kudum, or the circumambulation of arrival, has previously been performed. And Halk (5) may be done before as well as after the Tawaf al-Ifazah (3).

“Now, the Wajibat (requisites of pilgrimage, also called ‘Nusuk’) are five in number, viz.:—

“1. Al-Ihram, or assuming pilgrim garb, from the Mikat, or fixed limit.[FN#10] “2. The Mabit, or nighting at Muzdalifah: for this a short portion, generally in the latter watch, preceding the Yaum al-Nahr, or victim-day, suffices. “3. The spending at Muna the three nights of the ‘Ayyam al-Tashrik,’ or days of drying flesh:

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